The quality of out-of-focus blur. The word comes from the Japanese word boke (暈け or ボケ), which means "haze" or "blur". Bokeh is caused by circles of confusion, which are measured in fractions of a millimeter. It's used in filmmaking artistically, often to create the illusion that these characters are being watched from behind something.

A rack focus is a camera technique where the focus shifts smoothly from one object in a scene to another, typically from something in the foreground to something in the background, or vice versa. This technique is often used in filmmaking to draw the viewer's attention to a specific object or character and can create a sense of depth and dimensionality in the shot.