An aside is similar to a Fourth wall-breaking Direct address, except this happens so quickly you could miss it. It's like the wink of the filmmaking world. A "hey, did you see that?" that lets us know the characters know we're there watching.

In this technique, on-screen characters acknowledge the viewer through the camera lens. This differs from the First-Person Direct Address which bears the same visual style, but conceptually, the characters are speaking to someone in their world whom we are viewing through first-person. They look identical. So what it comes down to is who the character on screen is talking to. If they are talking to someone in their world, it's a First-Person POV. If they are speaking to the viewer, it's a Fourth Wall-breaking shot.

Known in art as an example of mise en abyme, it's the effect of a picture recursively appearing within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear. This produces a loop which in theory could go on forever, but in practice only continues as far as the image's resolution allows.

When an on-screen actor adjusts the framing.

Filmmakers use this effect when they want you to feel closer to the environment, whether its rain hitting the lens, a person pushing the lens away, or cracking the lens. This fourth-wall breaking technique brings us closer to the action.